Table of Contents

GROWING ROSES

Deciduous or evergreen shrubs
Roses are the most popular, best-loved and widely planted cut-flower shrubs in the world for its beauty, romance and commercial values. It constitute 50% to 75% of the annual $40 billion cut-flower business volume worldwide. Some varieties are used for afternoon teas and for commercial extraction of perfume and vitamin C. Below you will find very important techniques and information that is required for planting, caring, propagating, and producing beautiful roses for profit. Although it is mostly deciduous, it can be evergreen in mild climates and in temperate parts of the world. Centuries of hybridizing of this popular flowering plant have brought us the widest possible range of forms, colors and uses; both commercial and aesthetics. There are roses with blooms from the size of a salad plate to as small as a thumbnail, with wide color variations from yellow to black, shrub from the size of foot, called miniature to a tree-smothering climbers.

CLASSIFICATIONS OF ROSES/rosa/rosaceae

Modern Roses (After 1867 when the first hybrid tea was introduced):

Hybrid Teas- This is the most popular class of rose which outsells all other types of roses combined. It produces single flower to a 2 feet to 6 feet stem, has large and shapely blooms. Many thousand of varieties have been produced since 1867, the more popular varieties are: La France, Chrysler imperial, Mr. Lincoln, and Olympiad are red color; Brandy, Folklore, Fragrant Cloud, and Tropicana are orange color tones; Bewitched, Brigadon, Century Two, Color Magic, Dainty Bess, Duet, First Prize, Miss All American Beauty, Perfume Delight, Royal Highness, Secret, Sheer Bliss, Tiffany, and Touch of Class are pink color; Elina, Graceland, King Ranson, Oregold, Midas Touch, Peace, Summer Sunshine, and Sunbright, are yellow color; Blue Girl, Blue Ribbon, Heirloom, Lady X, and Paradise are lavender color; Garden Party, Honor, John F. Kennedy, Pascali, and Pristine are white color; Broadway, Chicago Peace, Double Delight, Granada, Just Joey, Medallion, Rio Samba, Seashell, and Voodoo are multicolor blended color.

Grandifloras-This is a vigorous plant that is used as background mass color effect, barrier plants in gardens or as cut flower. It is 8 to 10 feet tall and has a large number of cuttable blooms per plant. Some popular varieties are: Love is color red; Arizona, Montezuma, and Solitude are orange and orange blended color; Aquarius, Camelot, Earth Song, Pink Parfait, Queen Elizabeth, Sonia, and Tournament of Roses are pink and pink blended color;  Gold Medal is color yellow; White Lightnin is color white; Lagerfeld is color lavender.

Floribundas-Developed from polyanthas and hybrid teas. These are vigorous, bushy plants that produced big quantities of clustered blooms of smaller size than most hybrid teas. They are used in garden for informal hedges, barriers, low borders and container plants. A few popular varieties are: European, Impatient, Sarabande, Showbiz and Trumpeter are red color; Betty Prior, Bridal Pink, Cherish, Gene Boerner, Pleasure, Sexy Rexy, Sweet Inspiration and Sweet Vivien are pink color; Apricot Nectar, Cathedral, First Edition, Gingersnap, Marina, Orangeade, Redgold and Summer Fashion are orange and orange blended color; Sun Flare and Sunsprite are yellow color; Angel Face and Intrigue are lavender color; Evening Star, French Lace, Iceberg and Ivory Fashion are white color.
Old Roses (Before the introduction of the first hybrid tea 1867):

Alba Roses-Developed from the white rose of york (R. Alba). It is associated in history with England’s War of the Roses.         

Centrifolia Roses-Developed from the cabbage rose, R. centifolia. It is 6 feet tall, extremely fragrant with heavy, multi-petal flowers, popularly portrayed by Dutch painters.

Damask Roses-Developed from R. damascena, 6 feet tall, normally cultivated to make commercial perfumes.

Gallica Roses-3 to 4 feet tall fragrant bloom called French Rose, developed from R. damascena.

Moss Rose-Variants between centifolia and damask. It has a balsam scent bloom.

China Roses-R. chinensis, roses that came to Europe around 1800 from China.

Bourbon Roses-Developed from R. Chinensis and R. damascena.

Damask perpetuals-Developed from R. chinensis and European roses.

Hybrid perpetuals-Hardy garden roses in the 19th and 20th century.

Noisette Roses-Developed  from R. Chinensis and R. moschata.

Tea Roses-Elegant, tender, long-lived and ever-blooming plant